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This tutorial walks you through the creation of a Python 3 runbook (preview) in Azure Automation. Python runbooks compile under Python 2 and 3. You can directly edit the code of the runbook using the text editor in the Azure portal.

• Create a simple Python runbook
• Test and publish the runbook
• Run and track the status of the runbook job
• Update the runbook to start an Azure virtual machine with runbook parameters

Prerequisites

To complete this tutorial, you need the following:

• Azure subscription. If you don't have one yet, you can activate your MSDN subscriber benefits or sign up for a free account.

• Automation account to hold the runbook and authenticate to Azure resources. This account must have permission to start and stop the virtual machine. The Run As account is required for this tutorial.

• An Azure virtual machine. During this tutorial, you will start and stop this machine, so it should not be a production VM.

Create a new runbook

You start by creating a simple runbook that outputs the text Hello World.

1. In the Azure portal, open your Automation account.

   The Automation account page gives you a quick view of the resources in this account. You should already have some assets. Most of those assets are the modules that are automatically included in a new Automation account. You should also have the Run As account credential asset that's mentioned in the prerequisites.

2. Select Runbooks under Process Automation to open the list of runbooks.

3. Select Add a runbook to create a new runbook.

4. Give the runbook the name MyFirstRunbook-Python.

5. Select Python 3 for Runbook type.

6. Select Create to create the runbook and open the textual editor.

Add code to the runbook

Now you add a simple command to print the text Hello World.

Select Save to save the runbook.

Test the runbook

Before you publish the runbook to make it available in production, you want to test it to make sure that it works properly. When you test a runbook, you run its draft version and view its output interactively.

1. Select Test pane to open the Test pane.

2. Select Start to start the test. This should be the only enabled option.

3. A runbook job is created and its status displayed.The job status starts as Queued, indicating that it is waiting for a runbook worker in the cloud to become available. It changes to Starting when a worker claims the job, and then Running when the runbook actually starts running.

4. When the runbook job completes, its output is displayed. In this case, you should see Hello World.

5. Close the Test pane to return to the canvas.

Publish and start the runbook

The runbook that you created is still in draft mode. You need to publish it before you can run it in production. When you publish a runbook, you overwrite the existing published version with the draft version. In this case, you don't have a published version yet because you just created the runbook.

1. Select Publish to publish the runbook and then Yes when prompted.

2. If you scroll left to view the runbook on the Runbooks page, you should see an Authoring Status of Published.

3. Scroll back to the right to view the pane for MyFirstRunbook-Python3.

   The options across the top allow you to start the runbook, view the runbook, or schedule it to start at some time in the future.

4. Select Start and then select OK when the Start Runbook pane opens.

5. A Job pane is opened for the runbook job that you created. You can close this pane, but let's leave it open so that you can watch the job's progress.

6. The job status is shown in Job Summary and matches the statuses that you saw when you tested the runbook.

7. Once the runbook status shows Completed, select Output. The Output pane is opened, where you can see Hello World.

8. Close the Output pane.

9. Select All Logs to open the Streams pane for the runbook job. You should only see Hello World in the Output stream. However, this pane can show other streams for a runbook job, such as Verbose and Error, if the runbook writes to them.

10. Close the Streams pane and the Job pane to return to the MyFirstRunbook-Python3 pane.

11. Select Jobs to open the Jobs page for this runbook. This page lists all jobs created by this runbook. You should only see one job listed since you only ran the job once.

12. You can select this job to open the same Job pane that you viewed when you started the runbook. This pane allows you to go back in time and view the details of any job that was created for a particular runbook.

Add authentication to manage Azure resources

You've tested and published your runbook, but so far it doesn't do anything useful. You want to have it manage Azure resources.To do this, the script has to authenticate using the Run As account credential from your Automation account.

Note

The Automation account must have been created with the Run As account for there to be a Run As certificate.If your Automation account was not created with the Run As account, you can authenticate as described inAuthenticate with the Azure Management Libraries for Python or create a Run As account.

1. Open the textual editor by selecting Edit on the MyFirstRunbook-Python3 pane.

2. Add the following code to authenticate to Azure:

Add code to create Python Compute client and start the VM

To work with Azure VMs, create an instance of the Azure Compute client for Python.

Python Code Tester

Use the compute client to start the VM. Add the following code to the runbook:

Where MyResourceGroup is the name of the resource group that contains the VM, and TestVM is the name of the VM that you want to start.

Test and run the runbook again to see that it starts the VM.

Use input parameters

The runbook currently uses hard-coded values for the names of the resource group and the VM. Now let's add code that gets these values from input parameters.

You use the sys.argv variable to get the parameter values. Add the following code to the runbook immediately after the other import statements:

This imports the sys module, and creates two variables to hold the resource group and VM names. Notice that the element of the argument list, sys.argv[0], is the name of the script, and is not input by the user.

Now you can modify the last two lines of the runbook to use the input parameter values instead of using hard-coded values:

When you start a Python runbook, either from the Test pane or as a published runbook, you can enter the values for parameters in the Start Runbook page under Parameters.

After you start entering a value in the first box, a second appears, and so on, so that you can enter as many parameter values as necessary.

The values are available to the script in the sys.argv array as in the code you just added.

Enter the name of your resource group as the value for the first parameter, and the name of the VM to start as the value of the second parameter.

Select OK to start the runbook. The runbook runs and starts the VM that you specified.

Error handling in Python

You can also use the following conventions to retrieve various streams from your Python runbooks, including WARNING, ERROR, and DEBUG streams.

Python 3 Code Runner Code

The following example shows this convention used in a try...except block.

Next steps

• To learn more about runbook types, their advantages and limitations, see Azure Automation runbook types.

• To learn about developing for Azure with Python, see Azure for Python developers.

• To view sample Python 3 runbooks, see the Azure Automation GitHub repository.

In this tutorial, learn how to execute Python program or code on Windows. Execute Python program on Command prompt or use Python IDLE GUI mode to run Python code.

Install Python Interpreter Windows 10

Create your file in .py extension and execute using the step-step process given here. The steps are given here with pictures to learn in the easiest way.

How to Execute Python Program Using Command Prompt

If you want to create a Python file in .py extension and run. You can use the Windows command prompt to execute the Python code.

Here is the simple code of Python given in the Python file demo.py. It contains only single line code of Python which prints the text “Hello World!” on execution.

So, how you can execute the Python program using the command prompt. To see this, you have to first open the command prompt using the ‘window+r’ keyboard shortcut. Now, type the word ‘cmd’ to open the command prompt.

This opens the command prompt with the screen as given below. Change the directory location to the location where you have just saved your Python .py extension file.

You can use the cmd command ‘cd’ to change the directory location. Use ‘cd..’ to come out of directory and “cd” to come inside of the directory. Get the file location where you saved your Python file.

To execute the Python file, you have to use the keyword ‘Python’ followed by the file name with extension. See the example given in the screen above with the output of the file.

You can also execute the code directly in the interactive mode with the next section.

Interactive Mode to Execute Python Program

To execute the code directly in the interactive mode. You have to open the interactive mode. Press the window button and type the text “Python”. Click the “Python 3.7(32 bit) Desktop app” as given below to open the interactive mode of Python.

You can type the Python code directly in the Python interactive mode. Here, in the image below contains the print program of Python.

Press the enter button to execute the print code of Python. The output gives the text ‘”Hello World!” after you press the enter button.

Type any code of Python you want to execute and run directly on interactive mode.

However, you can also execute the Python program using the Python GUI. You have to use the below section and follow the examples with pictures.

Using IDLE(Python GUI) to Execute Python Program

Another useful method of executing the Python code. Use the Python IDLE GUI Shell to execute the Python program on Windows system.

Open the Python IDLE shell by pressing the window button of the keyboard. Type “Python” and click the “IDLE(Python 3.7 32 bit)” to open the Python shell.

Vscode Code Runner Python 3

Create a Python file with .py extension and open it with the Python shell. The file looks like the image given below.

It contains the simple Python code which prints the text “Hello World!”. In order to execute the Python code, you have to open the ‘run’ menu and press the ‘Run Module’ option.

or

You can also use the keyboard shortcut ‘F5’ to run the Python code file.

Python 3 Code Runner 2

A new shell window will open which contains the output of the Python code. Create your own file and execute the Python code using this simple method using Python IDLE.

A Python IDLE mode can also execute the direct code.

To execute the direct code, you have to write the Python code directly on the Python IDLE shell. Here, a print function of Python prints the text “Hello World” on execution.

Hope, you like this tutorial of how to run Python program on windows.